Study of Groundwater and Its Quality Parameters on Soil Nutrient Dynamics in Northern Parts of Ranebennur Taluk, Haveri District, Karnataka, India

The study of groundwater and its quality parameters in Northern Ranebennur taluk is crucial for understanding their impact on soil nutrient dynamics, which directly affects agricultural productivity. By assessing groundwater quality, the research aims to optimize soil management practices and ensure sustainable agriculture in the region. This study aimed to uncover how groundwater quality impacts soil properties in Northern Ranebennur, Haveri district. Researchers collected 150 groundwater and soil samples from 50 villages. Findings revealed that groundwater-irrigated soils had a pH range of 6.58 to 8.90, averaging at 7.50. The average EC was 2.04 dS m-1, and ESP varied between 3.33 and 18.06 percent. Soil nutrients showed mean values of 318.51 kg/ha for nitrogen, 43.33 kg/ha for phosphorus, and 277.60 kg/ha for potassium. Zinc was notably deficient, copper ranged from low to medium, while manganese and iron were moderately to highly available. The study uncovered intriguing connections between groundwater quality and soil properties. Groundwater pH showed a strong positive correlation with soil pH (r = 0.430**). Groundwater SAR was significantly linked with soil EC (r = 0.218*). Groundwater RSC had a notable positive relationship with soil ESP (r = 0.488**) and pH (r = 0.202**). Groundwater SAR also correlated significantly with soil ESP (r = 0.422**). Interestingly, groundwater EC was positively correlated with soil potassium, iron, and zinc, while it negatively impacted nitrogen, phosphorus, and copper levels. Sodium in groundwater showed a positive relationship with soil nitrogen, potassium, and iron, but a negative one with phosphorus. Boron levels in groundwater strongly correlated with soil boron (r = 0.883**). Finally, groundwater SAR was negatively correlated with soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.