A Cross-sectional Study òn Prevalence of Self Medication of Analgesics among Mechanics Working at Suame Magazine, Ghana

Background: The misuse of analgesics is a growing concern globally, particularly among populations engaged in physically demanding occupations. Mechanics at Suame Magazine are frequently exposed to strenuous activities that can lead to various forms of body pain. This occupational hazard often results in the self-medication of pain relief drugs, which can escalate into abuse. The easy accessibility of over-the-counter analgesics further compounds this issue, as many individuals resort to these medications without understanding the potential risks involved.

Aims: This study assessed the prevalence of analgesic misuse among mechanics (fitting workers) working at Suame Magazine, along with association between occupational pain and analgesic abuse.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Suame Magazine of the Kumasi metropolis, Ashanti region of Ghana between August 2023 and January 2024.

Methodology: The study employed a pre-designed structured questionnaire to collect data on analgesic misuse. The study was conducted among 420 mechanics (fitting workers) at Suame magazine. Purposive non-randomized sampling technique was used to select the mechanics (fitting workers) for the study. Data entry and analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and Microsoft Excel software (2016).

Results: The findings revealed a high prevalence of analgesic misuse (97%) among the sampled respondents primarily driven by occupational pain and lack of awareness regarding potential harm. The abuse was predominantly for managing body pain (43.3%), muscle pain (27.8%), headaches (19.6%), and inducing sleep (9.3%). Paracetamol (36.1%), paracetamol/diclofenac combination (19.6%), and paracetamol/aspirin/caffeine combination (29.9%) were the most frequently misused analgesics. Even though 97% of the respondents admitted of abusing analgesics, an overwhelming 55% of the mechanics lacked awareness on the adverse effects of analgesics.

Conclusion: The study highlights the critical need for educational initiatives targeting mechanics on safe medication practices. It also calls for healthcare professionals, particularly those in pharmacies, to provide comprehensive drug education, covering indications, contraindications, and potential side effects.