GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF GARLIC (Allium sativum L.) GENOTYPES USING RAPD MARKERS

Genetic diversity analysis is the prerequisite to construct breeding program in any crops. This study aimed to analyse the genetic diversity of existing garlic (Allium sativum L.) genotypes grown in different regions in Bangladesh using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Nine garlic genotypes were used in this study to find out the existing polymorphism using seven different RAPD primers. Total 53 distinct and differential amplified DNA bands were generated from PCR amplification where 40 bands (75.88%) showed polymorphic, and 13 bands (24.12%) showed monomorphic. OPBX-02 and OPB-06 marker showed the highest and lowest number of bands respectively whereas OPBX-02 showed highest polymorphic band. The Nei´s genetic identity among nine garlic genotypes ranged 0.8053-0.9966 and genetic distance ranged 0.0053-0.2166. The UPGMA Dendrogram segregated the nine garlic genotypes into two main clusters having one and eight genotypes in first and second cluster respectively. Highest (0.2166) and lowest (0.0053) genetic distance were found in BARI-G1 vs GC0027 and GC0012 vs GC0017 varietal pair respectively. RAPD markers used in this study were found useful tool for the molecular characterization and polymorphic study among the nine cultivated garlic genotypes in Bangladesh which can be used as a useful information for developing new variety.